The Hydration Science of Natural Salts
The New Frontier of Hygiene
How FEND Works
FEND salts pull water from epithelial cells by osmosis and restore the hydration of our upper airways that we have when we slow nasal breathe. And since calcium, unlike sodium, moves slowly and passively into surrounding tissues exactly as it enters your body when you swallow a calcium pill, it hydrates for 4-6 hours, and is safe.
Over 7 peer-reviewed publications in leading science journals.
A Trace of Magnesium
Magnesium is an important cation in your airways that is often lower in concentration than it should be, since our bodies are often low in magnesium levels.
FEND has a very small amount of magnesium, just enough to add to top off your airway magnesium levels. Like calcium, magnesium stays longer in your airways than sodium (the cation of normal saline), since it gets into our tissues by going around airway cells, and not through them.
"Hydrating the airways daily is the missing link in what we’ve considered till now effective whole-body hydration."
— Dr. Dennis Ausiello
Jackson Distinguished, Professor of Clinical Medicine at Harvard Medical School
Dr. David A Edwards, FEND Founder
David is a member of three national academies in the US and France, professor of the practice of bioengineering at Harvard University from 2002-2019.
David’s work on airway hygiene spans decades – beginning shortly after his pioneering work on inhaled insulin, to his scientific work today that explores immediate and long-term benefits to airway hydration.
20 years of research at Harvard University
Hydrates up to 6x longer, cleanses up to 10x better